What time is the winter solstice this year? How is the winter solstice calculated?
The winter solstice (English: winter solstice), also known as the "winter festival" and "winter celebration", is one of the 24 solar terms in China and one of the eight astronomical solar terms, opposite to the summer solstice. The ancients said that the winter solstice is when the yin reaches its extreme, the yang begins to be born, the sun reaches its southernmost point, the day is at its shortest, and the shadow is at its longest, so it is called the "winter solstice." So what time is the winter solstice this year? How is the winter solstice calculated? When the Lesser Cold arrives, the weather has entered a stage where it is gradually getting colder but not yet very cold. Mr. Shui Mo will be with you in this November of the lunar calendar in 2020.What time is the winter solstice this year?Gregorian calendar time: December 21, 2020 18:02:12Lunar calendar date: Monday, the seventh day of the winter month (small month) Start time: 18:02, December 21, 2020 End time: January 5, 2021 11:23 Is the Winter Solstice calculated according to the lunar calendar or the solar calendar?The winter solstice is calculated according to the solar calendar.When the sun reaches 270° of the ecliptic longitude, the winter solstice falls on December 22 every year. If it is a leap year, it will be moved forward one day to December 21. The 24 solar terms are a supplementary calendar established in ancient China to guide agricultural activities. It was formed during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. The 24 solar terms are determined based on the sun's movement cycle, so the dates of the 24 solar terms are all based on the Gregorian calendar. How is the winter solstice calculated?1. Ancient calculation methods <br /> As early as the Spring and Autumn Period more than 2,500 years ago, China had already used a gnomon to observe the sun and determine the winter solstice. It was the earliest of the 24 solar terms. In 104 BC, the Taichu Calendar formulated by Deng Ping and others officially included the 24 solar terms in the calendar and clarified the astronomical positions of the 24 solar terms.The earth revolves around the sun along an approximately elliptical orbit. The plane where this orbit lies is the "ecliptic plane", and the intersection of the ecliptic plane and the celestial sphere is the "ecliptic". Due to limited observation conditions, the ancients could only believe based on visual perception that the sun revolved around the earth along the ecliptic. Therefore, they set the sun from zero degrees of ecliptic longitude (measured from west to east with the vernal equinox as the starting point), and called the time it takes for the sun to move 15 degrees along the ecliptic longitude "a solar term." The sun moves 360 degrees every year, and experiences a total of 24 solar terms. The solar terms in spring are Lichun (315 degrees), Yushui (330 degrees), Jingzhe (345 degrees), Vernal Equinox (0 degrees, 360 degrees), Qingming (15 degrees) and Guyu (30 degrees). The solar terms in summer are Lixia (45 degrees), Xiaoman (60 degrees), Mangzhong (75 degrees), Summer Solstice (90 degrees), Xiaoshu (105 degrees) and Dashu (120 degrees). The solar terms in autumn are Liqiu (135 degrees), Chushu (150 degrees), Bailu (165 degrees), Autumnal Equinox (180 degrees), Hanlu (195 degrees) and Shuangjiang (210 degrees). The solar terms in winter are Lidong (225 degrees), Xiaoxue (240 degrees), Daxue (255 degrees), Dongzhi (270 degrees), Xiaohan (285 degrees) and Dahan (300 degrees). The 24 solar terms reflect the annual motion of the sun (apparent motion with the earth as reference), so the dates of the solar terms are basically fixed in the current Gregorian calendar, on the 6th and 21st in the first half of the year and on the 8th and 23rd in the second half of the year, with no difference of 1 to 2 days. 2. Modern calculation method <br /> Calculation formula for winter solstice date (Eastern 8th zone): (YD+C)-L Formula interpretation: Y=last two digits of the year, D=0.2422, L=leap year number, 21st century C=21.94, 20th century=22.60. For example: The date of the winter solstice in 2088 = (88×0.2422+21.94)-(88/4)=43-22=21, the winter solstice is on December 21st. Exception: For the years 1918 and 2021, the calculation result shall be reduced by one day. |
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